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Acquired pancytopenia in Adult
Other Resources UpToDate PubMed

Acquired pancytopenia in Adult

Contributors: Nina Haghi MD, Benjamin L. Mazer MD, MBA, Carla Casulo MD, Paritosh Prasad MD
Other Resources UpToDate PubMed

Synopsis

Pancytopenia is a decrease in all 3 peripheral blood lineages presenting as simultaneous anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.

Acquired pancytopenia has many etiologies, but it is broadly grouped into 1 of 3 mechanisms causing decreased blood cell counts: bone marrow infiltration / replacement, bone marrow aplasia, or blood cell destruction or sequestration. Multiple mechanisms may occur simultaneously.

Bone marrow infiltration / replacement may be secondary to hematologic malignancy (such as lymphoma, myeloma, leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome), myelofibrosis, metastatic disease, and infectious processes (tuberculous, fungal infection, etc). Bone marrow aplasia may be due to nutritional deficiencies, viral infection, immune destruction, drug effect, toxic exposures, or aplastic anemia. Blood cell destruction may occur due to ineffective hematopoiesis (ie, myelodysplastic syndrome), disseminated intravascular coagulation, or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Hypersplenism causes sequestration and is associated with various disease states (cirrhosis, lymphoma, autoimmune disorders, etc).

Codes

ICD10CM:
D61.818 – Other pancytopenia

SNOMEDCT:
5876000 – Acquired pancytopenia

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Diagnostic Pearls

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Therapy

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Drug Reaction Data

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References

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Last Reviewed:08/13/2019
Last Updated:08/13/2019
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Acquired pancytopenia in Adult
A medical illustration showing key findings of Acquired pancytopenia : Fatigue, Bleeding time prolonged, Pancytopenia, Asthenia, Pallor, WBC decreased, PLT decreased, RBC decreased
Clinical image of Acquired pancytopenia - imageId=1552640. Click to open in gallery.  caption: 'Widespread purpuric patches and petechiae on the trunk and arms.'
Widespread purpuric patches and petechiae on the trunk and arms.
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