Distal and proximal interphalangeal joint arthritis
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Synopsis
Causes / typical injury mechanism: Osteoarthritis (OA) can be classified as primary or secondary. In primary OA, there is no preceding trauma and the pathogenesis is often multifactorial. Risk factors for primary OA often include genetics, joint morphology, and possibly underlying endocrine abnormalities. Risk factors for secondary OA include fracture, dislocation, and infection. Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint OA is more common than proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint OA.Classic history and presentation: Interphalangeal joints are subjected to high joint reactive forces and experience wear and tear over a lifetime. Patients may experience pain, swelling, stiffness, loss of mobility, and decreased grip strength. It is common for patients with symptomatic interphalangeal joint arthritis to have unremarkable radiographs.
Prevalence: By the age of 85 years, 50% of women and 25% of men will experience hand OA.
Risk factors:
- Modifiable – high body mass index (BMI), occupation
- Nonmodifiable – trauma, age, sex, genetics, race / ethnicity, joint shape
Codes
ICD10CM:M13.841 – Other specified arthritis, right hand
M13.842 – Other specified arthritis, left hand
SNOMEDCT:
12236561000119100 – Arthritis of finger of left hand
12236601000119100 – Arthritis of finger of right hand
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Differential Diagnosis & Pitfalls
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Psoriatic arthritis
- Mucous cyst
- Trigger finger
- Gouty tophus
- Infection
- Nerve entrapment
- Mallet finger
- Tendon rupture
- Septic arthritis of the hand
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Last Reviewed:05/22/2022
Last Updated:06/07/2022
Last Updated:06/07/2022
Distal and proximal interphalangeal joint arthritis