A rare, idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic disorder of unknown etiology, identified by its characteristic features of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), immune thrombocytopenia (simultaneously or sequentially), and sometimes neutropenia. Dysfunction of the autoimmune system causes antibodies to attack the body's red blood cells (AIHA) and platelets (immune thrombocytopenia) in relapsing episodes. Onset may be in childhood (acute) or adulthood (chronic). Physical exam may identify signs and symptoms of fatigue, dyspnea, pallor, petechiae, and presyncope. Complications may include severe bleeding and increased risk of death.

Treatment is often not warranted, but depending on the severity of the disorder, can include corticosteroids and other prescription drugs, spleen removal, and in severe cases, platelet transfusion.