This summary discusses adult patients. Molluscum contagiosum in children is addressed separately.

Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection caused by a DNA poxvirus. It manifests as smooth, firm papules with a central umbilication. Molluscum contagiosum may be spread by direct contact (most often in children), autoinoculation, or via sexual transmission in adults. Molluscum contagiosum infections have also been associated with swimming pool facilities via fomites.

In adults, molluscum contagiosum is commonly distributed on the mons pubis, genitalia, perineum, inner thighs, and lower abdomen. The distribution in children is on the trunk and extremities.

Many cases are asymptomatic, but there can be surrounding irritation and pruritus.

In the immunocompetent host, the disease tends to be self-limited, but papules may persist for several months and up to 2 years before disappearing.

Patients with AIDS or who are otherwise immunosuppressed are at particular risk of molluscum infection, with reported prevalence rates of 5%-18%. Other risk factors are atopic dermatitis and sarcoidosis.