Peters anomaly is a congenital ocular condition with variable features of anterior segment dysgenesis. The essential clinical signs are a central or paracentral corneal scar (leukoma) with iris adhesions to the posterior surface (Type I). Occasionally the lens is adherent to the same area and contains some opacification (cataract) as well (Type II). These malformations are nonprogressive and are present unilaterally as an isolated finding, although they can be bilateral. The Peters-plus syndrome has both bilateral findings of Peters anomaly as well as systemic manifestations. The condition in most cases seems to be inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern as the result of mutations in a number of regulatory homeobox genes. Since these are primarily active during embryogenesis of ocular structures, it is not uncommon to find some features of Peters anomaly in other ocular conditions.

Peters anomaly is of clinical importance not only for its potential impact on vision, but because it is frequently associated with congenital glaucoma, for which early diagnosis and treatment is essential to the preservation of vision.