Nephrotic syndrome

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Contributors: Christine Osborne MD, Catherine Moore MD

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Synopsis

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A constellation of clinical and laboratory features of renal disease defined by heavy proteinuria with bland urinary sediment, hypoalbuminemia, and peripheral edema. Heavy proteinuria is defined as >3.5 g/24 hours, and hypoalbuminemia as an albumin level <3 g/dL. Patients often have associated hyperlipidemia and thrombotic disease. Patients with loss-of-function mutations in sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase may have nephrosis with ichthyosis and adrenal insufficiency.

Nephrotic syndrome is often secondary to systemic disease including diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), membranous nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, minimal-change disease, amyloidosis (AA, AL), and other rare etiologies.

Codes

ICD10CM:
N04.9 – Nephrotic syndrome with unspecified morphologic changes

SNOMEDCT:
52254009 – Nephrotic syndrome

Differential Diagnosis & Pitfalls

As this is a syndrome, there is no differential diagnosis of this entity. The differential diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome is included in the synopsis.

Best Tests

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Drug Reaction Data

Below is a list of drugs with literature evidence indicating an adverse association with this diagnosis. The list is continually updated through ongoing research and new medication approvals. Click on Citations to sort by number of citations or click on Medication to sort the medications alphabetically.

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References

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